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Estimated industry average emissions of CO₂ and other gases that cause global warming (collectively, CO₂e) during the sourcing, manufacturing and delivery of an item, including corporate emissions (cradle to customer).
Correspondingly, this is the product’s CO₂e reduction potential if abatement efforts and carbon offsets are fully realized.
As defined by the U.S. EPA, CO₂e is a measurement of the total greenhouse gases emitted, expressed in terms of the equivalent measurement of carbon dioxide. This conversion is based on the ‘Global Warming Potential’ (GWP), i.e. the measure of warming that is contributed by each gas to the greenhouse effect. One kg of CO₂ equivalents is equivalent to the effect of one kg of CO₂ emission. The emission of 1 kg of nitrous oxide (N₂O) equals 273 kg of CO₂ equivalents, and the emission of 1 kg of methane (CH₄) is equal to 27-30 kg CO₂ equivalents (link).
The units are reported in kilograms - 1 kilogram (kg) is 2.2043 pounds (lbs), or approximately 2 pounds 3 1/4 ounces.
Further information can be found on the detailed product page under ‘Carbon Credentials’.

Independently validated to reduce CO₂ (or other gases that cause global warming [CO₂e]) from the atmosphere via:

an absolute reduction of the amount of products or services consumed

efficiency improvements achieved without changing the amount of products or services consumed

a modal shift in consumption from a higher to lower-emissions intensive one

providing concrete ways to shift behaviors

no information is available about this company’s efforts to reduce cradle to customer GHG emissions (offsets are considered separately)

Information about different types of offset projects designed with the express goal of reducing atmospheric CO₂e levels.

Renewable Generation. The generation of clean, renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, hydroelectric, and geothermal power to displace fossil-fuel-based energy sources

Reforestation. The replanting of trees in an area that was previously covered by forests but has experienced deforestation, degradation, or significant tree loss

Removal and Avoidance of CO₂ Emission. This offset is derived from a project that both removes carbon dioxide from and avoids its emission to the atmosphere

CO₂ Removal. This offset is derived from a project that removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

Afforestation. The conversion of non-forested land into a forested area

Avoided Deforestation. Avoided deforestation is a climate mitigation strategy that involves preventing the release of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere by preserving existing forests

Improved Forest Management. Improved Forest Management is an approach that focuses on enhancing the health, productivity, and carbon sequestration capacity of forests

Agriculture-Driven Carbon Sequestration. A collection of practices that aim to enhance the capacity of agricultural ecosystems to capture and store carbon

Cookstoves. Clean cookstoves reduce greenhouse gas emissions and offer co-benefits, such as improved indoor air quality, reduced health risks, time savings for households (less time spent collecting firewood), and economic benefits for local communities

Enhanced Efficiency. The improvement of energy efficiency in buildings, industries, and transportation systems so as to reduce energy consumption and thereby lower carbon emissions

Methane Capture. The capture of methane from landfills, wastewater treatment facilities, agricultural operations, and other sources that is not mandated by law: often the methane is burned to generate electricity

Carbon Capture and Sequestration. The capture of carbon dioxide emissions from industrial processes or power plants and then storing these underground in geological formations to prevent their release into the atmosphere

Other Offset. See the detailed product page for further information

Net Zero. 3rd party data provides credible information that the production of this product is associated with the the emissions of de minimus CO2, and therefore no offsets are required

Avoided CO₂ Emission. This offset is derived from a project that avoids the emission of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere

Wind Energy. Reduction in GHG emissions through the funding and operationalization of wind energy projects that otherwise would not have been implemented

Offset TBD. The offset for this product is yet to be determined

Further information can be found on the detailed product page under ‘Carbon Credentials’.

Approximate timescale required by different CO₂e offset projects to absorb and sequester (or prevent the emission) the promised amount of CO₂ from the atmosphere.

Weeks to months. This is the highest quality offset.

One or several years. This is an acceptable timeframe for an offset to achieve an impact.

Tens of years. This type of offset is less effective due to the duration CO₂ stays in the atmosphere.

A hundred (or more) years. This offset type is not effective in limiting the impact of global warming.

Offset timing TBD. The offset timing for this product is yet to be determined

Further information can be found on the detailed product page under ‘Carbon Credentials’.

Work to independently validate how a product reduces CO₂ (or other gases that cause global warming [CO₂e]) from the atmosphere is currently pending:

further work is needed to clarify the dominant mechanism by which a company is reducing atmospheric CO2e levels

further work is needed to clarify the offset projects that will reduce atmospheric CO2e levels

further work is needed to establish the time scale on which an offset project will reduce atmospheric CO2e levels

Carbon Direct is a purpose-driven carbon management firm focused on making carbon science actionable. Its end-to-end platform enables organizations to reduce, remove, and utilize their emissions with the help of a world-class science team. Founded in 2019, it leads with a science-first, climate-first approach, combining expertise in carbon science, policy, and commercial markets. Its goal is to drive real climate impact by providing accessible software solutions and analyzing policy regulations to help clients achieve their climate objectives. With a team of over 60, including 30 scientists (as of 2023), the Company works with leading organizations in various industries to address the challenges of carbon management and promote sustainable practices.

SCS Global Services offers Carbon Neutral Certification for entities, buildings, products, and services. Companies can demonstrate market leadership by certifying that they have effectively offset their carbon footprint, either through SCS' own Certification Standard or the internationally recognized PAS 2060. SCS provides comprehensive services to achieve carbon neutrality, including calculating product carbon footprints and guidance on purchasing verified carbon offsets. With over 30 years of expertise in footprinting and carbon offset verification, SCS is a trusted partner in helping organizations achieve carbon neutrality, serving both multinational corporations and smaller entities seeking carbon neutral certification.

Carbon Trust is a leading independent organization that provides carbon neutral verification based on the internationally recognized standard PAS 2060. It assists individuals and businesses in demonstrating their commitment to decarbonization by calculating and reducing their emissions and offsetting any remaining emissions through high-quality carbon offsets. Carbon Trust offers verification for organizations and products, ensuring they have measured and verified footprints, demonstrated year-on-year reductions, and purchased credible carbon offsets. The carbon neutral label signifies ongoing commitment to carbon reduction and supports environmental projects.

Carbonfund.org (part of ClimeCo) facilitates individuals and businesses in calculating and offsetting their environmental footprint. Through purchasing credits, customers support projects that offer co-benefits to the environment and surrounding communities, such as improved air and water quality, habitat protection, and job creation. ClimeCo is involved in environmental commodities management, with expertise in developing projects that reduce greenhouse gas emissions and plastic waste. The organization is dedicated to helping people understand their impact on the planet, providing tools for footprint calculation, and finding projects that contribute to environmental improvement, job creation, and wildlife conservation.

Climate Impact Partners is the creator and manager of The CarbonNeutral Protocol, which provides guidelines for businesses to achieve carbon neutrality. With over 22 years of experience, they have worked with more than 300 clients globally, helping them deliver environmental programs with value for their business. The latest edition of The Protocol offers a blueprint for climate action, enabling companies to demonstrate impact, take responsibility for residual emissions using high-quality carbon credits, and plan for a net-zero future. The updated Protocol focuses on improving transparency, driving internal transformation, and exceeding minimum requirements to make reliable carbon-neutral claims.

Climate Neutral is a not-for-profit organization that offers the "Climate Neutral Certified" label, a globally-recognized standard for carbon accountability. It works with companies to measure, reduce, and offset their carbon emissions, promoting climate neutrality as a priority for businesses and consumers. The label signifies that certified companies account for greenhouse gas emissions, demonstrate efforts to reduce them, and compensate for them annually. Climate Neutral Certified is utilized by over 300 brands. The organization's mission is to eliminate carbon emissions by making climate neutrality a fundamental aspect of business practices, contributing to the fight against the climate crisis.

ClimatePartner, founded in Munich in 2006, envisions a world where climate action is integrated into corporate activities. It assists businesses in calculating and reducing carbon emissions while financing climate projects. Combining individual consulting with cloud-based software, it offers a ClimatePartner certified label for transparency and credibility. Its projects adhere to recognized standards and align with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). With over 5,000 clients and offices across multiple cities, ClimatePartner prioritizes sustainability in their operations, setting reduction targets, utilizing green electricity, and promoting eco-friendly commuting.

CO₂ Logic has been working since 2007 to support businesses and governments globally in achieving deep decarbonization. It offers a comprehensive approach tailored to specific sectors, following the highest emission reduction standards and certified climate projects. Its CO₂ Neutral label recognizes organizations' efforts in reducing their environmental impact and offers transparency to the public. With a 5-step approach and external audits by an independent third party, CO₂ Logic aims to raise the bar on climate commitments and combat greenwashing. The label includes a QR code, providing detailed information on carbon footprint, reduction targets, and financing climate projects to encourage informed choices and progress tracking.

We Are Neutral is an experienced environmental nonprofit guiding purpose-driven programs. It assists businesses and individuals in understanding, monitoring, reducing, and offsetting their carbon footprints, promoting environmental responsibility and achieving carbon neutrality or Net Zero status. Its carbon offset initiatives encompass diverse projects, such as aiding low-income families with energy upgrades, indigenous tree planting, urban agriculture, and more. The organization prioritizes quality carbon offsets, thorough footprint calculations, industry accountability, and extensive environmental education to make a positive impact on the environment.

B Corporation, or B Corp, is a certification for businesses that meet high standards of social and environmental performance, accountability, and transparency. It's awarded by B Lab, a nonprofit organization, to companies that demonstrate a commitment to goals beyond profit, including positive impacts on society and the environment. B Corps are legally required to consider the impact of their decisions on all stakeholders, and they undergo a rigorous assessment process to validate their practices. This certification represents a growing global movement of companies using business as a force for good.

CleanHub is a technology-driven platform aimed at preventing oceanic plastic pollution. They partner with local waste managers to ensure fair wages, establish social standards, and create safe jobs. CleanHub's innovative tracking technology verifies waste collection and compliance, promoting a circular economy for plastic. The company focuses on high-risk areas for ocean plastic entry, providing real-time trash-tracking and AI for scalability. By supporting CleanHub, contributors assist in improving livelihoods and securing income for those in the waste management streams. CleanHub is verified by TÜV SÜD, aligning with the UN Treaty on Plastic Pollution.

Ecologi Zero® is a user-friendly tool for small and medium-sized businesses to calculate their carbon emissions, identify emission hotspots, and track progress towards reduction goals. It uses a comprehensive carbon footprinting dataset to ensure accurate calculations. The platform is designed for UK-based service industries, especially those using Xero accounting software, to promote transparent reporting and support the transition to a low-carbon future. Ecologi Zero is part of a mission to decarbonize the economy and has already helped numerous businesses in climate action.

Green Story is a platform that helps businesses measure and showcase the environmental impact of their products. By analyzing supply chain and product data, the service quantifies sustainability efforts and communicates them effectively to build trust with customers. The platform offers life cycle assessments, compliance with international standards, and rich visualizations of product footprints. Serving over 150 brands, Green Story enables companies to improve consumer engagement and loyalty through transparent and credible sustainability narratives, positioning them as leaders in an eco-conscious market. Their comprehensive approach is praised by clients for enhancing data-driven decision-making and environmental communication.

PlantArg is an environmental initiative focused on reforestation and carbon footprint reduction. For a small donation, individuals and companies can sponsor the planting of native trees in Argentina. The organization aims to plant one million trees to combat climate change, promote biodiversity, and support ecosystem restoration. Donors receive the geolocation of their planted trees, ensuring transparency and engagement. PlantArg emphasizes local participation and environmental education, aiming to create a sustainable and greener future.

Carbon validation self-certified directly by the manufacturer.

This brand does not currently work with an independent third party to validate claims regarding the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

Validation of carbon credentials is pending.

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